Founded on 21 October 1838, the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute (Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro, or IHGB) is the oldest authority in Brazil dedicated to researching and preserving the country's history and geography, along with its cultural and social sciences. In Rio de Janeiro it works as an institute, an archive and a museum, and it is most relevant to visitors with an interest in Brazilian history and geography.
The institute's own origins belong to that history. It was created alongside the Public Archives of the Empire during the regency of Pedro de Araújo Lima, when conservatives were working to build a strong, centralized imperial state.
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